ప్రపంచ ప్రకృతి పరిరక్షణ దినోత్సవం 2023

 World Nature Conservation Day 2023 

Theme - Forests and Livelihoods : Sustaining People and Planet

ప్రపంచ ప్రకృతి పరిరక్షణ దినోత్సవం 2023 

థీమ్ - అడవులు మరియు జీవనోపాధి : ప్రజలు మరియు గ్రహాన్ని నిలబెట్టడం

8th July: Rythu Dinotsavam (Farmer’s Day) in Andhra Pradesh

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The birth anniversary of Former and the 14^th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh Y.S Rajasekhara Reddy is celebrated as Rythu Dinotsavam meaning Farmer’s Day.

The day was first celebrated in 2019 when the current Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh Y.S Jagan Mohan Reddy issued a government order designating the day as Farmer’s Day in Andhra Pradesh.

Y.S Rajasekhara Reddy

• Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy was elected as a member of Lok Sabha for 4 consecutive terms. 
• He served as the full term Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 2004 to 2009 and was re-elected as the Chief Minister in the 2009 Assembly Election. 
• On 2^nd September 2009, Y.S Rajasekhara Reddy died in a helicopter crash. In his career, he had never lost in an election.
• The former Chief Minister is known for various reforms that have made a long-lasting transformational impact on the agricultural and health sector of the state, as on the first day of his tenure in 2004, he launched a campaign project under which free electricity was provided to the farmers in the state.
• Some of the projects and reforms made by Y.S Rajasekhara Reddy during his tenure are Jalayagnam water management program: To bring 8.2 million acres of land under irrigation, Indiramma Illu: housing for rural poor, Pavala Vaddi program: to encourage small business and entrepreneurship of rural women by providing loan at a subsidized rate, 108 and 104 helpline services were first introduced in the state under his tenure, etc.

2020 Farmer’s Day Celebrations

• Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the State Government will be launching new 412 ambulances in the state and 656 new mobile medical units.

1st July: National Doctor’s Day

To express gratitude towards the doctors and physicians for their dedicated service, the day 1^st July the birth as well as the death anniversary of one of the renowned physicians in India, Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy was chosen to be celebrated as National Doctor’s Day in India. The First National Doctor’s Day was celebrated in the year 1991. The day is organized by the Indian Medical Association (IMA).

The Theme of 2020 National Doctor’s Day: Lessen the Mortality of COVID 19

Importance of the Theme

• During the time of a global COVID 19 pandemic, it is the duty of each and every citizen of the country to acknowledge the important role the doctors have played and will continue to play by offering their round the clock services in saving thousands of lives.
• The theme of this year’s National Doctor’s Day is to thank the doctors and medical professionals and to further spread awareness about COVID-19 symptoms of silent hypoxia and its aggressive therapy.

2020 Celebrations

• In a mark of respect and the sacrifices the medical professionals and other frontline workers have put up since the beginning of the pandemic, the West Bengal State Government has declared a holiday on 1^st July for all the medical professionals who have been putting their lives at stake in this pandemic.
• Across the country, webinars and virtual meetings will be conducted for acknowledging the efforts made by the health care professionals during this pandemic

29th June: National Statistics Day

To popularize the use of Statistics in everyday life, every year 29th June is celebrated as the National Statistics Day. The day 29th June was chosen to acknowledge the invaluable contributions made by Prof. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis in establishing the National Statistical System. 29th June is the birth anniversary of Prof. P.C Mahalanobis.

• National Statistics Day was celebrated first in the year 2007. World Statistics Day is celebrated on October 20th every year.

Aim of the Day

• The day is being celebrated to sensitize the citizens of the country as to how Statistics helps in shaping and framing policies. 
• Statistics helps us in presenting a result much effectively through correct analyses and the proper methods for collecting the data.

Prof. P C Mahalanobis

• Recipient of Padma Vibhushan in 1968 Prof P.C Mahalanobis’s contribution in the field of Statistics is recognized all over the world. 
• He served as the Chairman of the United Nations Sub Commission on Statistical Sampling from 1947 to 1951.
• In 1931, Prof. P C Mahalanobis founded the ISI-Indian Statistical Institute (ISI formally registered in April 1932). 
• Post Independence, a comprehensive socio-economic national sample survey was designed and planned by ISI, for this survey-the National Sample Survey (NSS) was established by him in the year 1950. 
• To date, for the collection of sample surveys in the country, NSS is the premier agency of the Indian Government.

27th June: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Day

The United Nations on 6^th April 2017 has adopted a resolution as per which 27^th June to be observed every year as the day of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME). The day was first observed in 2017, this year marks the 4^th MSME Day.

Importance of the Day

• For achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, Governments across the globe are required to create an environment for promoting innovation and creativity. 
• For this, the importance of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises needs to be recognized. 
• This will further help in encouraging the formalization and growth of the MSME sector across the domestic and international markets. 
• Globally, the MSME sector is the largest employment provider and also the backbone of major economies.
• As per the International Council for Small Business data, MSMEs on average contribute 50 percent in the GDP and generate 70 percent employment in an economy. 
• Most of the employment generated by MSMEs is for the vulnerable sectors of our society.

MSME Day 2020

• At the time of a global pandemic when millions across the world have lost their jobs, MSMEs are creating the most significant employment and income generation opportunities, especially in rural areas. 
• But as countries across the globe have been imposing nationwide or partial lockdown, the business of the MSMEs have also affected significantly. 
• Their primary obstacle has been lack of access to financial support.
• This year’s MSME day is to raise awareness and remind the governments of the important role that MSMEs have played in their economy over the decades. 
• Reviving the MSME sector through financial support can revive the overall economy of a country.

26th June: International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

In order to make societies across the world free of drug abuse, on 7^th December 1987, by adopting resolution 42/112, the United Nations General Assembly declared 26^th June to be observed as the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking.

The Theme for 2020 International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking: Better Knowledge for Better Care

Focus of 2020 Theme

• For countering the impact that drug has on our societies, it is important that cross border cooperation increases among countries across the globe. 
• This will help in restricting the negative effects of many kinds of misinformation that has caused challenges for the authorities involved in addressing the drug problem.
• Drug trafficking has hindered the overall development of many developing countries over the years, as the financially weaker sections of society fall prey to various drug or trafficking networks for monetary stability in life. 
• For countering this, understanding has to improve for which better knowledge through greater international cooperation is important for countering these negative impacts on society.

Significance of the Day in 2020

• As per the World Drug Report 2020, if 2009 data are compared to the 2018’s, there has been a 30 percent increase in the number of drug consumers across the globe. 
• 269 million people have used drugs in 2018.
• At a time of a global pandemic, the day is to encourage individuals, private sectors, non-profit organizations, and the Governments across the world to continue their efforts in raising awareness about the adverse health consequences of drugs through social media campaigns.

23rd June: United Nations Public Service Day

By adopting resolution 57/277 on 20^th December 2002, the United Nations General Assembly designated 23^rd June to be observed as ‘United Nations Public Service Day’ in order to highlight the value and virtue of public service to the community.

The day is also observed so that the value of public service for the development of the society can be understood by the younger generation, further they can be encouraged to pursue careers in the public sector.

Significance for 2020

• The COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions and has taken the lives of hundreds of thousands of people globally.  
• At these difficult times when health care organizations are strained, lockdowns have led to a loss of jobs and financial crisis, education system, social life, etc are disrupted, this year’s United Nations Public Service Day is to honour the frontline workers (Healthcare, sanitation, public servants, social welfare groups, transportation, law enforcement etc) who risk their lives to provide the essential services for the society.

Public Service for SDGs

• For countries to achieve their Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is essential that the public institutions in an economy are inclusive, effective, and accountable for all in society. 
• The day is also to remind Governments across the world that the critical and essential role public administration plays towards improving people’s lives.

23rd June: International Olympic Day

On 23^rd June 1894, the International Olympic Committee was founded in Paris. The day 23^rd June was chosen to be celebrated as International Olympic Day to commemorate the foundation day of the International Olympic Committee.

• International Olympic Day was first celebrated in the year 1948. 
• A total of 9 countries celebrated the day in their respective countries in 1948. 
• But today with time the energy and positivity with which the Olympians have inspired millions across the globe, the celebrations for the day are truly global in nature now.
• Irrespective of any sort of discrimination based on age, gender, etc, the National Olympic Committees across the world conduct creative events on this day that are based on three pillars ‘Move, Learn, and Discover’.

Significance for 2020

• During these times of a pandemic, by sharing their home workouts, Olympians have become a source of inspiration and motivation for many across the world.  
• These efforts made by Olympians at the time of a pandemic is to make everyone realize the importance of being active for staying healthy in mind and body.

International Olympic Committee (IOC)

• Summer and Winter Olympic Games are organized by the IOC. 
• It is a non-governmental sports organization headquartered at Lausanne, Switzerland. 
• It was founded by Pierre de Coubertin and Demetrios Vikelas on 23^rd June 1894.

June 16: International Day of Family Remittances

Every year, the International Day of Family Remittances is observed on June 16 by the United Nations. The day is observed all over the world. This year the day is celebrated under the theme

Theme: Remittances are a lifeline

Highlights

• The day is celebrated to recognize the efforts of migrants living abroad and help improve the lives of their family members in their home countries.
• The first International Day of Family Remittances was celebrated in 2015. 
• The day encourages the public sector and private sector countries to make policies for the betterment of migrants and encourage remittances.

What is Remittance?

• The transfer of money by a foreign worker to his or her family in their home country is called remittance. 
• It is highly important as it is one of the largest financial inflows for the developing countries

Remittances of India

• According to the World Bank, the remittances of India are expected to fall by 23% in 2020 due to COVID-19 crisis. 
• The remittances of India were 83 billion USD in 2019. 
• Around 17.5 million Indians are living abroad. 
• Majority of them are in the gulf region, US, Western Europe and Canada.

World Remittances

• The World Bank has projected that the global remittances for the year 2020 is to reduce to around 20% due to COVID-19 crisis. 
• According to World Bank, the remittances are to fall to 445 billion USD this year as compared to 554 billion USD in 2019.

June 17: World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought

Every year, the United Nations observes World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought on June 17. This year, the day is observed under the theme

Theme: Food, Feed Fibre-The links between consumption and land

Highlights

• The World Day to combat Desertification and Drought is observed focusing on changing public attitudes towards land degradation and desertification.

Significance

• As the global population is growing and the world becoming wealthier, there is more need for land for food, clothing and animal feed. 
• According to the United Nations, the world population is to reach 10 billion by 2050. 
• In order to fulfil the needs of such huge population an additional 593 million hectares of agricultural land is needed by 2050 as compared to 2010 levels. 
• This is twice the area of India.
• On the other hand, the heath and productivity of the land is declining due to climate change. 
• Thus, the World Day o Combat Desertification and Drought is to focus on educate the individuals about reducing the impacts that lead to land degradation.

Background

• The day was proclaimed by the United Nations in 1995 after the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification was drafted.

Sustainable Development Goals

• The 2030 Agenda for SDG includes to protect the Earth from degradation. 
• The SDG 15 aims to halt and reverse land degradation.

June 12: World Day against Child Labour

Every year, the World Day against Child Labour is celebrated on June 12. It was launched by the International Labour Organization, a United Nations body. The World Day against Child Labour was launched in 2002.

Highlights

• The Children in the age group of 5 to 17 years engaged in work deprives them of normal childhood, proper health care, adequate education, leisure time and basic freedom. 
• The very purpose of marking World Day against Child Labour is this.
• The day also aims to bring the problem of child labour to the attention of the people all over the world. 
• The child labour is often associated with prostitution and drug trafficking.

2020

• This year the ILO is conducting the World Day against Child Labour as virtual campaign and is organized by Global March against Child Labour and International Partnership for Cooperation on Child Labour in Agriculture.

Background

• Nine out of ten children involved in labour works are in Asia, Africa and Pacific. 
• The percentage of Child labour is the highest in low-income countries. 
• According to the International Labour Organization, Africa has the largest child labours in the world. 
• It accounts to one-fifth of child labour in the world.

COVID-19 crisis

• The child labour issue is to increase during the COVID-19 crisis. 
• This is mainly because, children are out of school and are more likely to engage in harmful works. 
• The Child helpline International says that one-third of the global population have been affected due to COVID-19 crisis and 1.5 billion children have been impacted.

June 6: Russian Language Day

Every year, on June 6, the United Nations celebrated Russian Language Day. This was established by the UNESCO in 2010.

Why June 6?

The Russian Language Day is celebrated on the birth day of Aleksandr Pushkin. He was a Russian Poet and is considered as the father of modern Russian literature.

Aleksandr Pushkin

The poet published his first poem when he was 15 years old. He was born to Russian nobility in Moscow. The most famous poem of Pushkin was Ode to Liberty that led to his exile.

UN Language Days

The United Nations Language Days were launched in February 2010 to celebrate cultural diversity and multilingualism. The UN Language days promote six of the official languages of the organization. The official languages of the United Nations are English, Arabic, Chinese, Spanish, Russian and French. They are celebrated on

• Arabic-December 18
• English-April 23
• Chinese-April 20
• French-March 20
• Russia-June 6

June 4: International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression

Every year, International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression is celebrated on June 4. The day was established in 1982 and is marked by the United Nations.

Highlights

• The day is being marked to acknowledge the pain suffered by the children throughout the world. 
• The day speaks about the agony of the young innocent souls becoming victims of mental, physical and emotional abuse. 
• The day also affirms United Nations commitment towards protecting rights of children.
• The day was established by the United Nations in the background of the victims that suffered in Lebanon war.

Lebanon War

• The Lebanon war was fought in 2006. The war was between Israel and Hezbollah. 
• It was a 34-day military conflict. The war came to an end after the United Nations brokered ceasefire in August 2006.
• The war broke out after the 2006 Hezbollah cross border raid. 
• It was a cross border raid carried out by the Lebanon based Hezbollah militants on the Israel troops.

June 3: World Bicycle Day

Every year, World Bicycle Day is celebrated on June 3. The day is celebrated by the United Nations to lay emphasis about the benefits of cycling.

Highlights

• The World Bicycle Day is being celebrated since 2018. The day was declared by the United Nations. 
• The main aim to observe the day is to celebrate uniqueness, versatility and longevity of bicycle.
• The day is being celebrated as an after effect of Leszek Sibilski’s crusade. 
• Sibilski led campaigns to promote UN resolution for World Bicycle Day.

Significance

• Bicycles help save 238 million gallons of fuel every year. 
• Around 100 million bicycles are manufactured every year. 
• Also, bicycles are the most affordable transport in the world. 
• They are 20 times cheaper than that of a car

World Health Organization

• According to WHO, safe infrastructure and cycling is a step towards greater health equity. 
• The World Bicycle Day promotes the use of bicycles for its environmental and health benefits.

May 31: World No Tobacco Day

Every year, on May 31, World No Tobacco Day is being marked by the World Health Organization

Highlights

• The day creates awareness about the dangers of using tobacco. 
• The World No Tobacco Day initiative was adopted in 1987 by the WHO. 
• The day also draws attention to more than 8 million deaths that occurs due to Tobacco. 
• This year the day is celebrated under following theme
• Theme: Protecting Youth
• The theme focuses to protect youth from industry manipulation an preventing them from nicotine and tobacco use.
• This year, on world no tobacco day, initiatives are to be brought in that will demonstrate the young generation on taking control of tobacco addiction.

Significance

• The World Health Organization reports that around 17% of young people in the age of 15 and 24 are smoking. 
• A person who starts smoking before the age of 20 is more likely to develop an addiction. 
• Also, World No Tobacco Awards are distributed on this day.

May 29: International Day of UN Peacekeepers

Every year, the United Nations celebrates International Day of UN Peacekeepers on May 29. This year the day is being celebrated under the theme

Theme: Women in Peacekeeping: A key to Peace

Highlights

The International Day of UN Peacekeepers is celebrated to honour more than 3,900 peacekeepers that lost their lives serving under the United Nations. This year their challenges have increased as they not only protect the people but are also coping with COVID-19 pandemic.

Current Scenario

There are more than 1 million men and women that are serving 72 UN peacekeeping operations. The UN peacekeeping forces deploy more than 95,000 police, military and civilian personnel in around 13 operations.

Significance of the theme

This year the theme marks the 20^th anniversary of adoption of UN security council resolution 1325 on women, peace and security.

Why May 29?

The first UN Peace Keeping mission was established on May 29, 1948. The Peace keeping mission was established to monitor the Armistice Agreement that was signed between Israel and Arab.

Armistice Agreement

Armistice Agreement is an agreement that is signed to stop fighting. Armistice Day is marked on November 11. This is to mark the signing of treaties between allies of World war I and German Empire.

May 28: World Hunger Day

Every year, May 28 is marked as World Hunger Day. The World Hunger Day is an initiative of the Hunger Project.

Significance

• The United Nations aims to increase agricultural productivity. 
• This is to feed 820 million people that are with inadequate food security. 
• The UN predicts that 2 billion are to come under poverty and face hunger by 2050.
• In order to eliminate hunger, the Sustainable Development Goal of “Zero Hunger” was included

India

• India in 2019-20 produced 281.95 million tonnes of food grains. 
• Still 69% of deaths of children under 5 in India is due to malnutrition. 
• The data was provided by the State of World Children Report.
• Also, India ranks at 102^nd position in Global Hunger Index.

Current Scenario of India

• World Bank says that Human Capital Index of India is 0.44. 
• This means that an Indian child grows only to 44% of her potential.
• Around 55% of Indian Children (of age 6 months to 23 months) had zero consumption of vegetables. 
• This is mainly due to lack of breast feeding and diet diversity.

May 22: International Day for Biological Diversity

Every year, on May 22, the International Day for Biological Diversity is marked by the United Nations. The day highlights the biodiversity issues.

This year, the day is being celebrated under the theme

Theme: Our Solutions are in nature

Significance of the theme

• The theme emphasizes on solidarity, hope and importance of working together to build future of life in harmony with nature.

Background

• The resolution to celebrate the day was adopted in 1992. 
• The day was initially celebrated on December 29 till 2000 starting from 1993. 
• It was marked on December 29 to celebrate the Day the Convention on Biological Diversity came into effect. 
• It was later shifted to May 22 to commemorate the adoption of convention at Rio Earth Summit.

Sustainable Development Goals

• The say falls under the ambit of SDG Goals of the UN after United Nations 2015 development agenda of SDG. 
• Through this the day addresses larger concerns such as sustainable agriculture, health, land degradation, desertification, energy, etc.

May 21: International Tea Day

Every year, on May 21, the United Nations observes International Tea Day. The resolution to celebrate International Tea Day was adopted in 2019 by the United Nations food and Agriculture Organization.

History

The International Tea Day is being celebrated since 2005 in major tea producing countries of the world namely Sri Lanka, India, Indonesia, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Nepal, Kenya, Malaysia, Malawi, Uganda and Tanzania. It aims to draw the attention of citizens, governments about the impact of global tea trade.

Objective

The main goal of the day is to promote sustainable production of tea and increase awareness in fighting poverty and hunger.

Intergovernmental Group on Tea

The Intergovernmental Group of Tea operating under Food and Agriculture Organization proposed the concept of International Tea Day in 2015.

Sustainable Development Goals

The tea production helps to achieve the following goals

• Goal 1: Reduce Poverty
• Goal 2: Fight Hunger
• Goal 5: Empowerment of Women
• Goal 15: Sustainable use of Terrestrial Ecosystems

Significance

Tea Production is sensitive to climate changes. Tea can be produced only in agro-ecological conditions. There are very limited countries that produce tea.

Therefore, the tea producing countries must integrate the climate challenges along with their tea production. This is the main objective of celebrating International Tea Day.

India

India is the second largest tea producing country after China. Also, India is the largest consumer of tea in the world. India consumes around 30% of global tea output.

Motto

The International Tea Day is celebrated on the motto, “Harnessing Benefits for all From Field to Cup”. This is not the theme of the day. This is the motto under which the day is celebrated every year.

May 20: World Bee Day

Every year May 20 is being celebrated as World Bee Day by the United Nations. The official celebrations began in 2018.

Highlights

• The World Bee Day is celebrated to commemorate the birthday of Slovenian apiculture pioneer Anton Jansa. 
• This year, the World Bee Day is celebrated under the theme.
• Theme: Save the Bees
• The day is being celebrated to raise awareness about the importance of pollinators, hummingbirds, butterflies, bats.
• The Convention on Biological Diversity focuses on conserving these pollinators as well. 
• In 2000, the International Pollinator Initiative was launched at the COP (Conference of Parties) V. 
• The initiative focuses on the sustainability of pollinators in agriculture.

Significance

• Bees are the greatest pollinators. 
• They are under great threats currently due to habitat loss, parasites, diseases and agricultural pesticides. 
• According to United Nations, around 35% of world agriculture still depend on pollinators.

International Pollinator Initiative

• The International Pollinator Initiative mainly aims to promote coordinated world wide action. 
• It was launched under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). 
• The initiative is to run till 2030. India is also a part of the initiative.
• The Convention on Biological Diversity is a multilateral treaty. 
• It was opened at the Earth Summit that was held in Rio de Janerio in 1992.