Fifth State of Matter observed by NASA scientists

The NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) scientists in the International Space Station unveiled the first results of Bose-Einstein condensate experiments under which the particles can be manipulated free from Earthly constraints.

Bose-Einstein Condensates

• Bose-Einstein Condensates were predicted by Indian Mathematician Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein almost a century ago. 
• The BEC is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures close to absolute zero.
• Absolute Zero is the temperature at which the entropy and enthalpy of cooled gas reach their minimum value.

Four States of Matter

• There are four state of matter namely solid, liquid, gas and plasma. 
• The fourth state of matter called the plasma was described by the chemist Irving Langmuir. 
• It consists of gas of ions in which orbital electrons are removed and positively charged nuclei roam freely.

Fifth State of Matter

• The BEC is the fifth state of matter and was created by the scientists 25 years ago. 
• When a group of atoms are cooled to absolute zero, the atoms clump together behaving as a one big super atom. 
• This state is called the fifth state of matter and is referred to BEC.